Amategeko y’Isengesho ryo ku rugendo (Swalatu Safar)

ISENGESHO RYO KU RUGENDO (SWALATU SAFAR)

Umuntu wakoze urugendo rwujuje ibisabwa, aho yagombaga gukora isengesho rya rakat enye azakora raka ebyiri, naba ari no mu gisibo azasiburuka. Ariko ibyo byose azabikora aruko urugendo rwe rwujuje ibi bikurikira:

1- Kuba urugendo yakoze rutari munsi ya Farsakh umunani kugenda no kugaruka.

2- Kuba yaturutse aho yavuye afite umugambi wo gukora urugendo rutari munsi ya farsakh umunani.

3- Kudahindura umugambi yari yafashe mu gihe yatangiye urugendo.

4- Kuba ataza kunyura muri watwan ye (aho aba,…) mu giye atararangiza za farsakh umunani.

5- Kuba urugendo agiyemo rutagamije igikorwa cya haramu.

6- Kuba afite ikerekezo kimwe agiyemo(atameze nk’umuntu ushakisha ikintu yabuze,cyangwa umushumba ushakisha urwuri rw’inka ze)

7- Kuba akazi ke atari ugukora ingendo.

8- Kuba yarangije gusohoka aho aturuka yageze kuri Had trakhous.

MASAFAT  SHARI’IYAT (Intera yagenwe)

Twari twabonye ko kugira ngo umuntu abarwe nk’uwakoze urugendo,agomba gukora urugendo rutari munsi ya Farsakh umunani kugenda no kugaruka.

Ku kijyanye no kuba urugendo rukorwa ruba  rutari munsi ya Farsakh umunani kugenda no kugaruka,abamenyi mu by’amategekoy’idini bavugako:

a) Ayatollah Sistani :Avuga ko : Farsakh imwe yenda kungana na 5,5km (kilometero eshanu n’igice ). Farsakh umunani zikaba zijya kungana na 44 km(kilometero mirongo ine nenye)

b) Ayatollah Makarem Shirazi :Avuga ko: Farsakh imwe ijya kungana no munsi gato ya 5,5 km. Farsakh umunani zikaba zijya kungana na 43 km.

c) Ayatollah Imamu Khamenei :Avugako: Farsakh imwe ijya kungana na 5,5km.Farsakh umunani zijya kungana na 45 km.

HAD TARAKHUS

Had tarakhus(aho umuntu agera akaba yemerewe gusiburuka, akaba yemerewe no gusenga rakat ebyiri ku masengesho agira raka enye):

a) Ayatollah Imam Khamenei : Avuga ko:Umuntu amenya ko ageze kuri Had Tarakhus iyo inzu cyangwa urukuta rw’umugi (ku bantu bafite imigi izitiye) by’ahantu yabaga atakibibona akaba atanumva adhana yaho avuye (aho yabaga).

b)Ayatollah Makarem Shirazi : Avuga ko: Umuntu amenya had tarakhus,i yo abantu baba aho  yabaga batakimubona, kandi akaba atacyumva ijwi rya adhana ryaho aturutse.

c)Ayatollah Sisitani : Avugako,umuntu amenya had tarakhus ,iyo abantu baba aho yaturutse batakimubona, ibyo akabibwirwa nuko nawe abantu baba aho yabaga atakibabona.

Ingano ya Had Tarakhus ijya kungana na 1350m umuntu avuye aho yaturutse

IGIHE KUGENDA NO KUGARUKA ARI FARSAKH UMUNANI GUSA

Umuntu ukoze urugendo rwa farsakh umunani, iyo intera yo kugenda itari munsi ya farsakh enye, isengesho rya rakat enye aricamo kabiri agakora rakat ebyiri (zambere)gusa. Ariko iyo intera yo kugenda cyangwa kugaruka iri munsi ya farsakh enye,urugero: Nk’umuntu avuye aho yabaga ajya ahandi ariko hakaba hari inzira ebyira ingufi n’indende. Nakoresha inzira yambere (ngufi) kuva aho aba kugera aho agiye harimo nka farsakh eshatu, ariko nanyura indi nzira (ndende) ataha azahakora urugendo runga na na farsakh eshanu. Ku kijyanye n’isengesho ry’uwo muntu:

1. Ayatollah Imamu Khamenei : Avuga ko uwo muntu muri urwo rugendo amasengesho ye yose azayasenga nkuko asanzwe ayasenga iyo ari mu rugo (nta narimwe azacamo kabiri)
2. Ayatollah Sistani na Makarem Shirazi : Bavuga ko uwo muntu amasengesho ye afite rakat enye, azayasengamo rakat ebyiri (azayacamo kabiri).

Igihe umuntu atazi niba urugendo yakoze rufite farsakh umunani:

• Iyo urugendo umuntu yakoze ruri munsi ya farsakh umunani, cyangwa akaba atazi niba harimo farsakh umunani, amasengesho ye agomba kuyasenga atayagabanyije. Ariko iyo ashidikanya niba harimo farsakh umunani, bikaba bigoye gukora ubushakashatsi cyangwa ngo apime cyangwa ngo abaze amenye intera iri hagati y’urwo rugendo, icyo gihe amasengesho azayasenga yuzuye. Ariko igihe gukora ubushakashatsi cyangwa kubaza bitagoye, maze abantu babiri binyangamugayo cyangwa mu bantu batuye aho bikaba bizwiko urugendo rwo kuhagera rufite farsakh umunani, icyo gihe amasengesho ye azayasenga agabanyije.
• Igihe umuntu abajije umuntu umwe winyangamugayo:

– Ayatollah Imamu Khamanei :Avuga ko igihe umuntu yahawe amakuru n’umuntu umwe, amasengesho ye azayasenga uyagabanyije anayasenge atayagabanyije (yuzuye).

– Ayatollah Sistani :Avuga ko igihe umuntu yahawe amakuru n’umuntu umwe maze ibyo ari kumubwira akabona ko abifitiye nagihamya, icyo gihe amasengesho ye azayasenga agabanyije.

Igihe umuntu yari azi ko urugendo yakoze rungana na farsakh umunani maze agasenga amasengesho agabanyije  nyuma akaza gusanga yibeshye nta farsakh umunani zirimo, icyo gihe amasengesho yakoze agomba kuyasubiramo akayasenga yuzuye.

• Iyo umuntu akoze urugendo aziko cyangwa ucyeka ko nta farsakh umunani zirimo, nyuma akaza gusanga yibeshye harimo farsakh umunani, icyo gihe niba ubyibutse akiri kugenda amasengesho ari bukore yandi arayasenga agabanyije n’amasengesho yakoze yuzuye ayasubiramo agabanyije.

UMUGAMBI WA FARSAKH UMUNANI

Kugira ngo umuntu abarwe cyangwa akore ibikorwa bikorwa nuri ku rugendo, bisaba kuba yaturutse aho avuye afite umugambi wo gukora urugendo rutari munsi ya farsakh umunani:

• Iyo umuntu avuye mu rugo afite umugambi wo gukora urugendo ruri munsi ya farsakh umunani, yagera mu nzira kuri rwa rugendo yari afitiye umugambi akongeraho urundi rugendo ku buryo ufashe aho yari afitiye umugambi ukongeraho urugendo yongeyeho ari mu nzira bingana na farsakh umunani, uwo muntu nubwo urwo rugendo rwose yakoze rungana na farsakh umunani amazengesho ye yose azayasenga arangira (atayagabanyije) kubera ko umugambi yaturukanye aho yaturutse wari uwo gukora urugendo ruri munsi ya farsakh umunani.
• Igihe uwo muntu ageze aho agiye agashaka gukora urundi rugendo aturutse aho yari yagiye (aho yari afitiye umugambi), nakora urugendo rufite farsakh umunani kuva aho yari yagiye kugera ahandi ashaka kujya, icyo gihe amasengesho ye muri urwo rugendo (rwa kabiri) azayakora agabanyije.

IGIHE UMUNTU ATAZI URUGENGO ARIBUKORE UKO RUNGANA

• Igihe umuntu akoze urugendo ariko atazi intera aribukore uko ingana, urugero: Nk’umuntu urigushakisha ikintu cyangwa se umuntu yabuze, nk’umucuruzi ugenda azenguruka mu ingo z’abaturage ashaka ibyo agura nabo,… uwo muntu urugendo azakora uko ruzaba rureshya kose amasengesho ye azayasenga atagabanyije. Ariko uwo muntu nashaka kugaruka aho aba, niba kuva aho yageze kugera aho aba harimo farsakh umunani, amasengesho ye mukugaruka azayasenga agabanyije.
• Kugira ngo umuntu asenge amasengesho agabanyije igihe yakoze urugendo, nuko ava aho aba yafashe icyemezo n’umugambi byo gukora urugende rwa farsakh umunani. Iyo rero umuntu avuye mu rugo,urugero: Afite umugambi w’uko agiye kugenda ariko nabona umuntu (inshuti) bajyana mu rugendo nibwo akora urugendo. Uwo muntu  niba afite ikizere cy’uko aza kubona umuntu bajyana, amasengesho ye azayasenga agabanyije. Ariko naba atabyizeye ko amubona, amasengesho ye azayakora yuzuye.

KUGENDA BUHOROBUHORO

Igihe umuntu afite umugambi wo gukora urugendo rwa farsakh umunani nubwo yajya agenda gahorogahoro amasengesho ye azayasenga agabanyije. Ariko nagenda buro cyane ku buryo nko ku munsi agenda agace gato (ku buryo uwamubona atavugako ari ku rugendo), icyo gihe uwo muntu:

– Ayatollah Imamu Khamenei:Avuga ko amasengesho ye azayasenga arangira (atagabanyije). Ariko ihtiyat mustahabu nuko azayasenga atagabanyije akongera akanayasenga agabanyije.

– Ayatollah Makaremu Shirazi :Avuga ko amasengesho ye azayasenga agabanyije.

– Ayatollah Sistani :Avuga ko ihtiyat wajibu nuko amasengesho ye azayasenga agabanyije akongera akayasenga atagabanyije.

IGIHE UMUNTU AGIYE MU RUGENDO AJYANYWE N’ABANDI

• Iyo umuntu agiye mu rugendo ajyanywe n’abandi, nk’umukozi wo mu rugo, umugore, umwana, imfungwa,…igihe agiye mu rugendo aziko we nabo bajyanye baza gukora urugendo rwa farsakh imunani, icyo gihe uwo muntu azasenga amasengesho agabanyije. Ariko nagenda atazi aho agiye cyangwa atazi ingano y’urugendo iyariyo, icyo gihe amasengesho ye azayasenga arangira.
• Uwo muntu naba aziko mbere yo kugera kuri farsakh enye aza gutandukana n’abamujyanye, amasengesho ye azayasenga arangira. Ariko naba afite gushidikanya niba aza gutandukana nabo bajyanye, amasengesho ye azayasenga agabanyije.

Guhagarika no guhindura umugambi w’urugendo:

• Iyo umuntu afite umugambi wo gukora urugendo rurengeje farsakh umunani, yagera kuri farsakh enye agahitamo guhagarika urugendo ashaka kuguma aho ageze cyangwa kuzataha nyuma y’iminsi icumi, amasengesho agomba kuyasenga arangira.
• Iyo umuntu ahagaritse urugendo yageze kuri farsakh (umunani kugenda no kugaruka), agahitamo guhita agaruka, icyo gihe amasengesho ye azayasenga agabanyije.
• Iyo umuntu afite umugambi wo gukora urugendo, igihe atararangiza kugenda farsakh umunani ukagira gushidikanya niba aza gukomeza urugendo cyangwa niba usubirayo, igihe yafashe icyemezo cy’uko akomeza urugendo, amasengesho ye azayasenga agabanyije.

Umuntu akazi ke ari ugukora urugendo nk,abashoferi batwara abagenzi cyangwa imizigo, abantu batwara indege,moto,….

Abo bantu mu ngendo zabo zaburi munsi amasengesho yabo bazajya bayasenga arangira (nkuko basenga bari mu rugo). Ariko ku kijyanye n’umunsi wa mbere batangiriyeho akazi kabo:

1. 1. Ayatollah Sistani na Makarem Shirazi :Bavuga ko abo bantu bakora akazi k’ingendo, amasengesho y’iminsi yose bagomba kuyasenga arangira. Kuva ku munsi wa mbere batangiriyeho akazi.
2. Ayatollah Imamu Khamenei :Avuga ko abo bantu bakora akazi k’ingendo, amasengesho y’umunsi wa mbere bagomba kuyasenga agabanyije. Indi minsi yose ikurikira uwambere bagasenga amasengesho yabo bayarangiza.

• Umuntu akazi ke ari ugukora urugendo (nko gutwara abagenzi imizigo…), amasengesho ye ayasenga arangira. Ariko uwo muntu iyo akoze urundi rugendo rutari urw’akazi nko kujya gusura abantu,gutembera,…amasengesho ye ayasenga agabanyije. Iyo akoze urugendo rutari urw’akazi (urugero atwara nka taxi yanyura ku bantu mu gihe we agiye nko gusura abantu, agashyira mo ba bantu bakamwishyura), icyo gihe amasengesho ye azayasenga arangira.
• Umuntu usanzwe akazi ke ari ugukora ingendo nk’umushoferi,… iyo amaze iminsi icumi cyangwa irenga ari mu rugo adakora cyangwa akamara iyo minsi icumi ahandi hatari aho aba, amasengesho ye azakomeza ayasenge arangira. Ariko nyuma y’iminsi icumi cyangwa irenga niyongera gusubira mu kazi:

1. Ayatollah Imamu Khamenei :Avuga ko amasengesho ye y’umunsi wa mbere azayakora agabanyije. Ariko iminsi yindi ikurikira azayasenga arangira.
2. 2. Ayatollah Sistani :Avuga ko amasengesho ye y’umunsi wa mbere n’indi minsi azayasenga arangira.

• Umuntu usanzwe adakora akazi k’ingendo ariko akaba afite nk’ibintu akura ahantu cyangwa abantu ajyana ahantu runaka ariko atari uburyo buhoraho, uwo muntu amasengesho ye azayasenga agabanyije.

Isengesho ry’abantu bakora akazi bari mu rugendo:

– Abantu bakora akazi bari mu rugendo nk’abantu bakora mu ndege, abishyuza abantu mu mamodoka,…abo bantu mu gihe bakoze urugendo rwa farsakh umunani, amasengesho yabo bayasenga arangira.

– Abantu bakora ingendo kugira ngo bagere ku kazi kabo kaburi munsi nk’abarimu, abaganga,nabandi bakozi, iyo bakora urugendo rwa farsakh umunani cyangwa rurenzeho, amasengesho yabo bagomba kuyasenga arangira.

WATWAN (ubuturo)

• Watwan (aho umuntu aba cyangwa inkomoko) ni ahantu umuntu ubwe yihitiyeho kuba haba aho yavukiye, aho ababyeyi be baba cyangwa se aho yahisemo nyuma amaze gukura.
• Iyo umuntu abaye ahantu adafite umugambi wo kuhaguma burundu, akahaba kuburyo abantu baturanye aho aba bamufata nk’umuntu uba muri ako gace, icyo gihe aho hantu habarwa nkaho ariho aba(watwan ye).

Isengesho ry’umuntu wakoze urugendo rwa haramu

• Umuntu ukoze urugendo agiye gukora igikorwa cya haramu nko gukora urugendo agiye kwiba, kwica, gusambana,… amasengesho ye ayasenga arangira.
• Umuntu ukora urugendo ubwarwo ruri haramu nk’umugore ukora urugendo adasabye uburenganzira umugabo we, umuntu ukora urugendo rushobora kumugiraho ingaruka nko kurwara,…abo bantu amasengesho yabo bayasenga arangira. Ariko umugore ukoze urugendo adasabye uburenganzira umugabo we mu gihe agiye mu gikorwa cy’itegeko kuriwe nko gukora hijja, kwivuza, kuvuza abana,…amasengesho ye ayasenga agabanyije.
• Umwana ukoze urugendo ruza kubangamira ababyeyi be nk’igihe ababyeyi be bamubujije kugenda ntabumvire,…urwo rugendo ni haramu kandi amasengesho muri rwo, azayasenga arangira.
• Umuntu wakoze urugendo adafite umugambi wo gukora igikorwa cya haramu, iyo ageze mu nzira cyangwa aho agiye agakora ibikorwa bya haramu nko kunywa inzoga, gusambana, kwiba,…amasengesho ye azayasenga agabanyije.
• Umuntu wakoze urugendo rugamije igikorwa cya haramu nko gukora urugendo agamije kwiba, kwica, gusambana,…naba ari kuruvamo agaruka, mu gihe agaruka akicuza ibyaha yakoze:

1. Ayatollah Imamu Khamenei :Avuga ko uwo muntu niyicuza amasengesho azayasenga agabanyije ariko naticuza amasengesho ye azayasenga arangira. Ariko ihtiyat mustahabu nuko naticuza amasengesho ye azayasenga agabanyije yongere ayasenge arangira.
2. Ayatollah Sistani:Avuga ko uwo muntu niyicuza amasengesho ye azayasenga agabanyije ariko naticuza ihtiyat mustahabu nuko azayasenga agabanyije yongere anayasenge arangira.
3. Ayatollah Makarem Shirazi :Avuga ko uwo muntu niyicuza amasengesho ye azayasenga agabanyije kimwe nuko naticuza ariko mu kugaruka ntiyongere gukora ibyaha nabwo amasengesho ye azayasenga agabanyije.

• Umuntu ukoze urugendo agiye guhuguza abantu cyangwa umuntu uzajyana n’umuntu agiye guhuguza abandi kugirango amufashe, abo bantu urugendo rwabo ni haramu. Amasengesho yabo bagomba kuyasenga arangira. Ariko abantu nibagutwara kungufu kugirango uze kubafasha mu gikorwa cyo guhuguza abandi,amasengesho yawe uzayasenga agabanyije.
• Umuntu wakoze urugendo afite umugambi wo gukora ibyaha nko kwiba, kwica,gusambana,…nagera mu nzira umugambiwe akawuhindura, amasengesho ye azayasenga agabanyije.
• Umuntu wakoze urugendo adafite umugambi wo gukora ibikorwa bya haramu, nagera mu nzira umugambi we wambere akawuhindura agafata umugambi wo gukora ibikorwa bya haramu, amasengesho ye mu rugendo rusigaye azayasenga arangira. Ariko amasengesho yakoze mbere yo guhindura umugambi ntago azayasubiramo.

Gukora urugendo umuntu agamije guhunga gukora igikorwa cya wajibu

• Umuntu ukora urugendo ahunga gukora igikorwa cya wajibu nk’umuntu uhunga kwishyura ideni arimo undi i kandi akaba afite ubushobozi bwo kwishyura kandi nyiri deni akaba arikumwishyuza cyangwa umuntu ukodesha inzu akaba yararimo ibirarane nyiri nzu kandi akaba afite ubushobozi bwo kwishyura none akaba ari kumuhunga ,…abo bantu nibakora urugendo bagamije guhunga ngo batabishyuza,amasengesho yabo bazayasenga arangira.

Gukora urugendo umuntu akoresheje igikoresho yibye cyangwa se adafitiye burengaznira

Iyo umuntu akoze urugendo akoresheje igikoresho kitari icye, nk’imodoka, moto, igare,…yibye agakora urugendo ahunga cyangwa acika kimwe n’umuntu wafashe ibyo bikoresho nyirabyo atabimuhereye uburenganzira, agakora urugendo:

1. Ayatollah Imamu Khamenei :Avuga ko uwo muntu mu rugendo azakora, amasengesho ye azayasenga agabanyije.
2. Ayatollah Makarem Shirazi: Avuga ko uwo muntu ihtiyat nuko amasengesho ye azayasenga agabanyije yongere anayasenge arangira.
3. Ayatollah Sistani :Avuga ko uwo muntu amasengesho ye azayasenga arangira.