Bimwe mu bitabo by’amateka bigaragaza ko Imam Sajad (alayhi salam) yavutse ku italiki eshanu z’ukwezi kwa Sha’abani akaba yarabayeho mu gihe cy’ubu imamu bw’abaimamu batatu, imyaka ibiri ku gihe cy’ubuimam bwa sekuru we ariwe imam Ali (alayhi salam), imyaka icumi y’ubu imam bwa imam Hassan Mujtaba (alayhi salam) arongera amara indi myaka icumi ku gihe cy’ubu imamu bwa se umubyara ariwe imam Hussein (alayhi salam). Nyuma y’ibyo, yabaye imamu anayobora abasilamu abereka inzira y’ukuri mu gihe cy’imyaka mirongo itatu n’ine. Ni imamu wa kane mu baimamu bakurikirwa bakanemerwa n’abasilamu b’abashiya, yabayeho mu bihe bikomeye amaze kubura umuryango we wose wari wiciwe i Karbala ho muri Iraq, akomeza kubaho no ku butegetsi bw’abanyagitugu ariko nti byamubujije kuba umugaragu mwiza no kuba imbonera mu bantu. Yabayeho ku butegetsi bukurikira:
1. Yazid ibn Muawiya
2. Abdallah ibn Zubayr
3. Muawiya ibn Yazidi
4. Marwan ibn Hakam
5. Abdul Malik ibn Marwan
6. Walid bin Abdul Malik
Ubu butegetsi bwari bubi cyane cyane ku gihe cya Abdul Malik ibn Marwan kuko yamaze imyaka makumyabiri n’itatu ku butegetsi, ntabwo batumaga imam Zainul abiidina (alayhi salam) akora ibwirizabutumwa yifashishije imvugo, ahubwo yigishaga abantu akoresha ibikorwa bye byiza kurenza kuba yakusanya imbaga y’abantu ngo abigishe.
1. KUBABARIRA
Ubuzima bwa Imamu Sajad (alayhi salam) bwahaye amasomo menshi y’uburere mbonezamubano kuri sosiyete y’icyo gihe yari yibasiwe na ruswa n’ubundi bwangizi. Kubabarira abanyabyaha ni bumwe mu buryo imamu yifashishaga kugira ngo bayoboke inzira itunganye . Imamu Zayn al-Abidin (alayhi salam) yababariraga abamuvuga nabi. Umunsi umwe imam yavuye iwe ageze hanze ahasanga umusaza, ni uko uwo musaza atangira kumuvuma no kumutuka, abasangirangendo ba imam bagiye gukubita no kwirukana uwo musaza imam arababuza arababwira ati: Mumubabarire, ni uko abwira uwo musaza wamutukaga ati ibyakwihishe kuri twe aba imam nibyo byinshi kurenza ibyo utuziho. Imamu ahita amubaza ati ese nta bintu ukeneye?
Umugabo yagize isoni maze mamu (alayhi salam) aha uwo mugabo amadirham igihumbi. Umugabo ati: “Ndahamya ko uri umwana wa rasulu MUHAMAD (Swalallahu alayhi wa aliihi wa salam). Ikibazo!!! Ese wowe umuntu agututse cyangwa akakugirira nabi wamwitura ineza, cyangwa?
Ubuzima bwa Imamu Zain al-Abidin (alayhi salam) muri rusange ni inyigisho n’amasomo akomeye kuri Umma ya kisilamu, abantu babutekerejeho bakabwigana, ubuhezanguni no kwirengagiza ukuri byashira bigasimburwa no kwihangana hamwe n’urukundo bigakwira mu bantu, cyane cyane kuri babandi nabo bemera ko bashobora gukosa . Mubyara wa Imamu Sajad (alayhi salam) witwaga Hasan Ibn Hassan umunsi umwe yinjiye mu musigiti abona Imamu Zayn al-Abidina (alayhi salam) atangira kubwira imamu nabi akoresha amagambo mabi yuzuye ubugome n’uburakari. Imamu yaramwihoreye ntiyavuga ikintu na kimwe araceceka kugeza Hasani asohotse mu musigiti. Ese wowe iyo uhuye n’abantu nka bariya witwara ute? Nyuma yaho dore uko imamu yabyitwayemo.
Mu ijoro, Imamu Sajad (alayhi salam) yagiye kuri wa mugabo aramubwira ati: Muvandimwe! Ibyo wambwiye uyu munsi imbere y’abari mu musigiti, niba ari ukuri, ndasaba Imana kumbabarira, kandi niba ibyo wamvuzeho ari ibinyoma, ndasaba Imana ko yakugirira imbabazi. Amahoro n’imigisha by’Imana bibe kuri wowe! Imamu yahise yisohokera, Hassan wari witeze ko imamu agiye kumubwira amagambo amwitura ayo yamubwiriye mu musigiti, yasanze atari uko bimeze ahubwo yagize ipfunwe akurikira imamu azenga amarira mu maso maze amusaba imbabazi. Imam amugirira impuhwe amwizeza ko yamubabariye. (Manaaqib, umz 4, urp.158)
2. KWICISHA BUGUFI KWA IMAM SAJJAD (alayhi salam)
Imamu Zayn al-Abidin (alayhi salam) yahoraga yicarana kandi asangira n’abakene ku buryo yafatwaga nk’umwe muri bo. Hamwe n’iyi myitwarire, imamu asobanurira abantu ko ubwibone bidafite ishingiro imbere y’Imana kubera ko ari umuremyi w’ijuru n’isi. Imam Sajad (alayhi salam) yagendaga atuje kandi yicishije bugufi, ntiyigeze arenga imbibe za Allah. (Mishkaatul-anwaar, cya Sab’tw Twabarsiy, urp 205). Mu rugendo rwe, ntiyajyaga yimenyekenisha ngo yerekane uwo ari we kuri bagenzi be kandi yisanzuranaga nabo.
Umunsi umwe ubwo yari ku rugendo, nk’uko bisanzwe umuntu wari umuzi yaramubonye abwira mugenzi we ati: “Ntabwo uzi uyu munyacubahiro? Undi ati: Ashwi da! ntawe nzi”. Undi ati: “Ni Ali bin al-Hussein (alayhi salaam).” Bamenye ko ari imamu, bapfukama imbere y’ibirenge bye batangira kubisoma mu rwego rwo kumuha icyubahiro ariko arabahagurutsa.
Imamu ahindukiye ava ku rugendo abona abantu barwaye ibibembe bahaye imamu karibu kumeza yabo. Imamu arababwira ati: “Iyo ntaza ntasibye, nari kubyemera.” Ageze mu rugo, ategeka ko bateka amafunguro meza. Hanyuma atumira ba bagabo kw’iftar ngo basangire. (Al-Kafi, Umz.2, urp. 130 igice kivuga ku Kwicisha bugufi)
3. KUBABARIRA ABANYEMBARAGA.
Hisham ibn Ismail wari guverineri wa Madina wagiriye nabi cyane Imamu Sajad (alayhi salam) ku ngoma ye amukorera amahugu n’ibindi bibi byinshi, uwo Hishamu yaje gukurwa ku butegetsi na Walid, ni uko Walid atumira ababwirizaga ubutumwa bose i Madina arababwira ati: “Umuntu wese wakandamijwe cyangwa wambuwe uburenganzira ku ngoma ya Hishamu ashobora kumusaba uburenganzira bwe.” Hagati aho, Hisham yatinyaga cyane Imamu Sajad (alayhi salam) kubera ko yari yaramutoteje yaranamuhemukiye cyane kurenza abandi bantu, ariko bitandukanye n’uko yatekerezaga, igihe Imamu yamusangaga yamutoreye salamu asaba n’aba sahaba be kutamugaragaza, ko ubu afite intege nke kandi adafite imbaraga. Imamu nawe aramwizeza ati: “Yewe Hisham Ibin Ismail! Ujye ufasha uko ushoboye abarengana n’abatagira aho baba, kandi ntuhangayike k’ubwo kuduhemukira. (Irshadul-Quluub cya Daylamiy, umz. 2, urp 146)
4.GUFASHA MU BURYO BW’IBANGA.
Abu Hamzah Thumali, witabye Imana mu mwaka w’150H, yaragize ati: “Imamu Zayn al-Abidin yakundaga kujyana amafunguro mu ngo z’abakene mu mwijima w’ijoro akabitanga mu buryo butazwi” agira ati: “Inkunga y’ibanga ikuraho uburakari bw’Imana. (Biharul-anwaar, umz 46, urp 88)
Amateka avuga ko nyuma yo kwitaba Imana, mu gihe barimo bamwoza (ghuslu-mayti) babonye inkovu zari zishushanyije ku ntugu. Babajije impamvu, basanga ari ingaruka z’udufuka twabaga turimo ibiribwa imamu yakundaga gushyira ku bitugu ashyiriye abakene. Mubyara wa imamu Sajad (alayhi salam),
yari umukene, imam akamufasha undi atabizi kubera ko atari azi umufasha uwo ari we. Yahoraga yitotombera Imamu impamvu atajya amwitaho kandi aba afite ibibazo. Imamu Sajjad (alayhi salam) ntabwo yigeze amwimenyekanishaho ko ajya amufasha. Hanyuma mubyara we witotombaga amaze kubona ko nta muntu ukimufasha ahita amenya ukuri ko yafashwaga na imamu, atangira kurira kandi akajya ajya gusaba imbabazi ku mva ya Imamu. (Kaashiful-ghuma, umz wa 2, urp 303)
5. KUGARAGIRA IMANA KWA IMAM SAJAD AHO TUBIBWIRWA NA IMAM SWADIQ (alayhima salam)
Imamu Swadiq (alayhi salam) mu gusobanura gusenga kwa imamu Sajad (alayhi salaam) yaragize ati: “Muri Umma ya kisilamu, nta muntu washoboraga gusenga nk’Intumwa y’Imana usibye Ali bin Abi Talib (alayhi salam), yasengaga nk’aho abona ijuru n’umuriro”. Hanyuma ati: “Muri Ahl al-Bayt, umuntu bajya kumera kimwe ni Zayn al-Abidin (alayhi salam), kubera ko yari usenga cyane ku buryo umuhungu we Imamu Baqir (alayhi salam) yamwitegereje maze abona ingaruka z’umunaniro ise afite mu maso ye zatewe no gusenga ni uko ararira, Imamu Sajjad (alayhi salam), wari wamenye impamvu yo kurira k’umwana we yaragize ati: Zana ibaruwa y’ibyanditswe yanditsemo gusenga kwa imam Ali (alayhi salam)!”
Imamu Baqir (alayhi salam) yahaye ibaruwa ise atangira gusoma . Amaze gusoma afata akanya gato aratekereza maze aruhutsa umutima cyane mu gituza, maze aravuga ati: “Ni inde ushobora gusenga nk’uku kwa amir al-mu’uminiina (alayhi salam)”? Amateka avuga ko Imamu Sajad (alayhi salam) yasengaga raka igihumbi buri munsi na nijoro.
6. KUGABURIRA ABATISHOBOYE
Imamu Baqir (alayhi salam) aragira ati: Ni inshuro nyinshi data yicaraga iruhande rw’imfubyi n’abakene akabaha amafunguro n’amaboko ye kandi akanayoherereza n’ababaga bameze neza. Naho Imamu Swadiq (alayhi salam) we ati: Ali bin al-Husayn (alayhi salam) rimwe na rimwe yatunganyaga amafunguro ku munsi yabaga yafunze akayohereza mu ngo z’abatishoboye mu gihe cy’iftar (cyo gusiburuka), ati kandi byakunze kubaho ko nta mafunguro yasigaranaga mu gihe yabaga yafunze. (i’lalu-sharaayi’i cya Sheikh Swaduuq urp. 231)
