IYICARUBOZO RYAKOREWE AMMAR BNI YASIR N’UMURYANGO WE
Ammar ni umuhungu wa Yasir ibn Amir ibn Malik al-Ansiy, bamwe banitaga Abu al-Yaqdwan Ammar ibn Yasir al-Ansiy al-Madhhijiy naho nyina ni Sumayyah bint Khabbat. Ammar na se Yasir na nyina Sumayah ni bamwe mu bantu bemeye Islamu mu mizo ya mbere ndetse amateka avuga ko Yasir n’umugore we Sumayyah aribo bantu bambere bishwe bahowe Imana mu mateka ya Islamu[1].
Ammar yiciwe mu ntambara ya Swiffin mu kwezi kwa Safar cyangwa se kwa Rabi al-Thani mu kwaka wa 37 hijiriya ubwo yari mu ngabo za Imam Ally(as) barimo barwanyaga ingabo za Muawiyah bni Abi Sufiyan wari wigometse kuri Imam Ally(as). Ammar yishwe n’ingabo za Muawiyah bni Abi Sufiyan apfa afite imyaka irenga mirongo cyenda. Bamwe mu bamenyi b’amateka bavuze ko yishwe afite imyaka 93, abandi bavuga imyaka 91 naho abandi bavuga ko yari afite imyaka 92[2].
Aha niho Ammar bni Yasir ashyinguye
Ammar bni Yasir ashyinguye mu mujyi wa Raqqah muri Syria y’ubu ari nako gace kabereyemo intambara ya Swiffin yahuje Imam Ally (as) n’ingabo ze ndetse n’ingabo za Muawiyah bni Abi Sufiyan wari wigometse k’umuyobozi w’abasilamu ariwe Imam Ally(as)[3].
Imva ya Ammar bni Yasir iri muri Syria
Ammar bni Yasir ni umusangirangendo w’intumwa wari umwe mu basangirangendo b’imbonera b’intuymwa y’Imana Muhammad(saww) ndetse akaba ari no mu bambere bemeye Islamu ku ikubitiro. Ubwoko bwa Yasir n’umwana we Ammar aribwo Al-Madhhij ni bwoko bukomoka mu gihugu cya Yemen ndetse ubwo bwoko bukaba bwari bwaragiranye amasezerano y’ubucuti n’ubwoko bwa Bani Makhzum arinabwo bwoko bukomokamo Abu Jahl wari umwanzi ruharwa w’intumwa y’Imana Muhammmad(saww).
Amateka avuga ko buri bwoko bwahawe inshingano zo guhana buri muntu wese ubukomokamo cyangwa se uwo bureberera wabaye umusilamu. Ubwoko bwa Bani Makhzum (ari nabwo Abu Jahl yakomokagamo) nibwo bwari bufite uburenganzira ku muryango wa Ammar bni Yasir kuko babaga i Makka kandi bakaba barahabaga nk’abantu bakiriwe cyangwa se bashyikiye mu bwoko bwa Bani Makhzum bari bafitanye amasezerano y’ubucuti. Ubu bwoko bumaze kumva Yasir n’umuryango we babaye Abasilamu, ababugize barababaye cyane maze batangira guhohoteye uyu muryango buwukorera iyicarubozo.
Iyo babonaga umucanga n’ubutaka bwa Makka bumaze gushyuha barabazanaga bakabaryamisha muri uwo mucanga ushyushye bambaye ubusa kandi baboshye amaguru n’amaboko kugirango batwikwe nawo ndetase bagakorerwa n’irindi yicarubozo nko kubakubita, kubashinga ibisongo, kubahagararaho ndetsebakabagerekaho amabuye manini. Umunsi umwe intumwa y’Imana Muhammad (saww) yanyuze kuri bo ibona uburyo bababazwa,maze ibabwira aya magambo yo kubahumuriza igira iti: Yemwe muryango wa Yasir! Mwihangane, kuko ubuturo bwanyu ari mu ijuru[4].
Yasir yapfuye azize iryo yicarubozo rikabije, aho ubwo yendaga kwitaba Imana arimo gusamba, umugore we Sumayyah abibonye kubera akababaro byaramurenze maze n’umujinya mwinshi agenda asatira Abu Jahl wari ukuriye itsinda ryakoreraga iyicarubozo uyu muryango. Abu Jahl yahiye amutera igisongo ( cyangwa se icumu) aramwica.
AMMAR BNI YASIR AKORERWA IYICARUBOZO
Yasir n’umugore we Sumayyah bamaze kwicwa, ababangikanyamana basigaye bakorera iyicarubozo rikabiye Ammar bni Yasir wari usigaye wenyine. Bamuryamishaga mu bushyuhe bukabije bwo kumucanga,haba hadashyushye bagacana umuriro hamara gushyuha bakamushyira aho bacanye ndetse bakamurambikaho urutare runini cyane mu gatuza maze bakanarukandagiraho barutsindagira.
Ammar bni Yasir yihanganiye iryo totezwa, babonye ntacyo birimo kumuhinduraho, baramujyanye bamujugunya mu mazi maze bakajya bamushyira mu mazi yajya guhera umwuka bakongera bakamukuramo bavuga bati: “Tuzakomeza kugukorera ibi (iyicarubozo) kugeza ubwo ututse Muhammadi ukamwihakana, ukihakana Imana ye maze ukemera ndetse ukavuga neza imana (ibigirwamana) zacu nkuru arizo Laat na Uzza (ibigirwamana bibiri byari bikomeye)”.
Ammar bni Yasir abonye agiye gupfa, mu rwego rwo kuramira amagaraye yakoze icyo idini ya Islamu yita Taqiyah; aricyo kuba yaremeye kuvuga icyo bashakaga aribyo byo guhakana Imana ya Muhammad (saww) no guhakana Muhammad (saww) ariko abivuga mu rwego rwo kubikiza ngo abone uko abava mu nzara aramire amagaraye, mugihe mu mutima we yemeraga Imana imwe ndetse anemera ko Muhammad (saww) ari intunwa yayo. Ammar bni Yasir yahise arekurwa asubira mu mujyi wa Makka aho intumwa y’Imana yari iri ariko agenda arira afite agahinda kenshi.
Intumwa y’Imana Muhammad (saww) imubonye arira iramubaza iti:” Yewe Ammar! Ko urimo kurira byakugendekeye gute? Ammar abwira intumwa ati:” Yewe ntumwa y’Imana! Nkuzaniye inkuru mbi. Bankoreye iyicarubozo kugeza aho nemeye kukwihakana ndetse nihakana Imana yawe”. Intumwa y’Imana Muhammad (saww) iramubaza iti:” Ese ibyo wababwiye nibyo byari bikuri ku mutima?”. Ammar bni Yasir asubiza Intumwa y’Imana ati:” Oya ntumwa y’Imana. Ibyo nababwiye ntabwo aribyo nemera kuko nabivuze kugirango batanyica. Nubwo nakwihakanye mu mvugo, ariko ku mutima ndamwemera ndetse nkanemera Imana yawe n’ibyo watuzaniye biturutse kuriyo”. Intumwa y’Imana Muhammad(saww) iramubwira iti:” Wakoze igikorwa kiza cyane. Ndetse nibongera kukubaza wongere uvuge nk’ibyo wavuze (wongere ubigenze nk’uko wabigenje)”[5].
Ahi twabisanga:
[1] Ibin Athir: Usd al-Ghabah fi Marifat al-Saḥabah: umuzingo wa 4, urup. 43 n’umuzingo wa 3, urup. 308 / Ibin Athir: Al-Kamil: urup 885 / Amin: Ayanu al-Shi’ah: umuzingo wa 13, urup. 28.
[2] Tabari: Tarikh Tabari: umuzingo wa 11, urup. 511 / Ibin Sa’d: Al-Tabaqat al-Kubra: umuzingo wa 3, urup. 262 / Ibin Abdu al-Barr: Al-Isti’yab : umuzingo wa 3, urup. 231.
[3] Hirzu al-Din: Maraqidu al-Ma’arif: umuzingo wa 2, urup. 100.
[4] Sirah Ibin Hisham: umuzingo wa 1, urup. 198.
[5] Ibin Athir: Usd al-Ghabah fi Marifat al-Saḥabah : umuzingo wa 4, urup. 309 / Sura An-Nahl: umurongo wa 106 / Amin: Ayan al-Shi’ah: umuzingo wa 13, urup. 28 / Ibin Hisham: Al-Sirah al-Nabawiyyah: umuzingo wa 1, urup. 220 / Ibin Ishaq, Muhammad: Al-Sira Al-Nabawiyyah: imp. 148-149 / Allamah Amini: Al-Ghadir: umuzingo wa 9, urup. 23.
